Cardiology
Cardiology is one of essential medical sectors, specialized in a vital part of a human body - cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular disease, commonly known as heart disease, is the class of diseases that involves the heart or blood vessels. Heart Disease is on the rise and is one of the significant health problems and death. The early diagnosis of cardiac diseases is vitally important for successful treatment. Rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular morbidity is one of the most important direction in healthcare.
Practical cardiology is developed in 2 directions: therapeutic cardiology and cardiovascular surgery.
Therapeutic cardiology deals with conservative methods (drugs and resort treatment) for treatment of coronary vascular diseases like areocardia, polycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, extrasystole, vegetative-vascular dystonia, atherosclerotic vascular disease, arterial hypertension, stenocardia, Miocardial Infarction (coronary), coronary disease, cardiac distress, myocarditis, pericarditis, encarditis etc.
Cardiovascular surgery allows to correct rapidly inborn and acquired valvular heart diseases and other heart and vessels pathologies, to make valve replacement and other difficult surgeries.
According to statistics, 17.9 million people die each year from CVD (Cardiovascular diseases), an estimated 40% of all deaths worldwide.
Today CVD is the main reason of disablement and early deaths among young people in Western countries. Four out of 5CVD deaths are due to heart attacks and strokes, and one third of these deaths occur prematurely in people under 70 years of age. Individuals at risk of CVD may demonstrate raised blood pressure, glucose, and lipids as well as overweight and obesity. These can all be easily measured in primary care facilities. Identifying those at highest risk of CVDs and ensuring they receive appropriate treatment can prevent premature deaths.
Today Russian cardiology departments have moved to a new level in technologies and equipment, that allow doctors to predict many cardiovascular diseases and avoid serious pathologies.
The main diagnostic methods are cardiophonography, electrocardiography, echocardiography (ultrasonic cardiography), 24-hour electrocardiographic monitoring. These methods allow to examine contractile function and conditions of cardiac muscle, heart cavity, vessels and heart valves.
Today we can see many new examination technics for patients with cardiac pathologies: heart cavity testing and angiocardiography allow to make exact examination and plan surgery. Newest technologies and methods of cardiac pathologies treatment today can save lifes of people who yesterday were considered cureless.
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